Technical Contents
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Call Our Metal ExpertsIntroduction to Metal Ingots
Metal ingots are standardized blocks of pure metal or alloy produced by melting and casting raw materials into molds. They serve as primary raw materials for numerous industries including automotive, construction, packaging, and electronics.
Industrial Backbone
Essential raw material for manufacturing sectors worldwide
Global Commodity
Traded internationally with standardized specifications
Recyclable
Can be recycled repeatedly without quality loss
Types of Metal Ingots
| Metal Type | Common Grades | Primary Uses | Global Production |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminium | Primary (99.7%), ADC12, LM24 | Transportation, Packaging, Construction | ~65 million tons/year |
| Zinc | Special High Grade (99.995%), Prime Western | Galvanizing, Alloys, Chemicals | ~13 million tons/year |
| Lead | Corroding Grade, Chemical Grade | Batteries, Radiation Shielding | ~4.5 million tons/year |
Aluminium Ingots Specifications
Primary & Secondary Grades | BIS Certified
Technical Overview
Aluminium is the most abundant metal in the Earth's crust, known for its light weight, corrosion resistance, and excellent conductivity. Aluminium ingots are produced through electrolytic reduction of alumina or recycling of aluminium scrap.
India ranks as the second largest aluminium producer in the world, with major producers including Hindalco Industries and Vedanta Limited.
Technical Properties
- Density: 2.7 g/cm³ (about 1/3 of steel)
- Melting Point: 660°C
- Excellent electrical and thermal conductivity
- Highly corrosion resistant
- Non-toxic and recyclable
Common Grades & Specifications
| Grade | Composition | Applications |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Aluminium (99.7%) | Al: 99.7% min, Fe+Si: 0.3% max | Electrical conductors, foil, extrusions |
| ADC12 | Si: 10.5-12%, Cu: 1.5-3.5% | Die casting, automotive parts |
| LM24 | Si: 7.5-9.5%, Cu: 3.0-4.0% | Die casting, engine components |
Global Production & Trade
Top Producing Countries (2025)
- 1. China - ~37 million tons
- 2. India - ~4.1 million tons
- 3. Russia - ~3.7 million tons
- 4. Canada - ~3.2 million tons
- 5. United Arab Emirates - ~2.7 million tons
Major Exporting Countries
- India (Hindalco, Vedanta)
- Russia (RUSAL)
- Canada (Rio Tinto)
- Australia (Alcoa)
- Norway (Hydro)
Zinc Ingots Specifications
SHG 99.995% • High Grade • Prime Western
Technical Overview
Zinc is a bluish-white metal known for its anti-corrosion properties. It's the fourth most widely used metal after iron, aluminium, and copper. Approximately 50% of zinc production is used for galvanizing steel.
India is a significant producer and consumer of zinc, with Hindustan Zinc Limited being one of the world's largest integrated zinc producers.
Technical Properties
- Density: 7.14 g/cm³
- Melting Point: 419.5°C
- Excellent corrosion resistance
- Forms protective zinc carbonate layer when exposed to air
- Essential micronutrient for humans and crops
Common Grades & Specifications
| Grade | Purity | Applications |
|---|---|---|
| Special High Grade (SHG) | 99.995% min | Galvanizing, chemicals, alloys |
| High Grade (HG) | 99.95% min | Galvanizing, die casting |
| Prime Western (PW) | 99.5% min | Galvanizing (hot-dip) |
Global Production & Trade
Top Producing Countries (2025)
- 1. China - ~4.2 million tons
- 2. Peru - ~1.4 million tons
- 3. Australia - ~1.3 million tons
- 4. India - ~0.8 million tons
- 5. United States - ~0.7 million tons
Major Exporting Countries
- Australia
- Peru
- India (Hindustan Zinc)
- Canada
- Kazakhstan
Technical FAQ
Find answers to common technical questions about metal ingots, their properties, applications, and global trade.
Metal ingots are standardized blocks of pure metal or alloy produced by melting and casting raw materials into molds. They serve as primary raw materials for manufacturing industries including automotive, construction, packaging, electronics, and infrastructure. Ingots provide consistent composition and quality, making them ideal for further processing into sheets, rods, wires, and cast components.
Primary aluminium ingots are produced directly from bauxite ore through the electrolytic Hall-Héroult process, typically with purity levels of 99.7% or higher. Secondary aluminium ingots are produced by recycling aluminium scrap, offering cost advantages while maintaining good quality for many applications.
Primary Aluminium
- • Purity: 99.7-99.9%
- • Consistent composition
- • Aerospace/electrical applications
- • Higher energy consumption
Secondary Aluminium
- • 95% recycled content
- • Cost-effective
- • Automotive/casting applications
- • Environmentally sustainable
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